Turkmenistan • Basic stats

Basic information about Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan, with a population of 6.5 million, is located in Central Asia. It is known for its significant natural gas reserves and desert landscapes. The country’s economy is heavily reliant on its energy sector, particularly natural gas exports.

Basic Statistics for Turkmenistan

CategoryData
Total Area491,210 sq km
Population (2023 est.)6.5 million
Population Density14.4 per sq km
Capital CityAshgabat
Major LanguagesTurkmen (official), Russian
GDP (PPP) 2023$126.132 billion
GDP Per Capita (PPP)$19,938
GDP (Nominal) 2023$81.822 billion
GDP Per Capita (Nominal)$12,934
Gini Coefficient (1998)40.8
Human Development Index (2022)0.744
CurrencyTurkmenistani Manat (TMT)
Time ZoneUTC +5
Driving SideRight
Calling Code+993
Internet TLD.tm
Life Expectancy72.4 years
Literacy Rate99.7%

Public Holidays in Turkmenistan

New Year’s Day: January 1
Memorial Day: January 12
International Women's Day: March 8
Navruz (New Year): March 21-22
Victory Day: May 9
Constitution and Flag Day: May 18
Gurban Bayram (Eid al-Adha): Date varies (Islamic calendar)
Independence Day: September 27
Day of Neutrality: December 12

Geography

Turkmenistan is characterized by its vast desert landscapes, including the Karakum Desert, which covers much of the country. It is bordered by Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iran, and the Caspian Sea.

Government and Political System

Turkmenistan is a presidential republic with a strong centralized government. The President holds significant power, and the country has a single-party political system.

Economy Overview

Turkmenistan’s economy is dominated by natural gas exports. The country also has significant reserves of oil and various minerals, contributing to its economic structure.

Health and Safety

Travelers should have comprehensive travel insurance and be aware of limited healthcare facilities, especially in remote areas. Vaccinations for hepatitis A, typhoid, and other common diseases are recommended. Learn more about health and safety.

Education

Education in Turkmenistan is compulsory up to the secondary level. The country has several universities and institutions of higher education, focusing on various fields of study.

Environmental Concerns

Turkmenistan faces environmental challenges such as desertification and water scarcity. Efforts to address these issues include water management projects and conservation initiatives.

Cultural Etiquette and Norms

Turkmen culture places a high value on hospitality and respect for traditions. Visitors should dress modestly and be aware of customs, such as greeting with a slight bow.

Sources:

Asian Development Bank (ADB) ​​
CIA World Factbook ​​
Wikipedia 

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